¿Por qué nos sale caspa?

La aparición de la caspa se produce a causa de un problema en el cuero cabelludo que consiste en la descamación excesiva de la dermis. En un 75% de los casos, la caspa se debe a una infección micótica producida por el hongo denominado Pityrosporum Ovale. Sin embargo, es menos frecuente la teoría que hace referencia a su aparición debido a la mayor velocidad de renovación celular de la piel del cuero cabelludo.

Esta patología está relacionada con aquellos factores que pueden resecar el cuero cabelludo como el sol, el frío o el viento. Son agentes externos, pero también ocasionan su aparición el estrés, una mala alimentación o los cambios hormonales. La utilización de productos capilares muy fuertes o agresivos para el cuero cabelludo, como un champú sin Ph neutro, también favorecen su desarrollo. La sensibilidad al ácido oleico provoca, además, que el cuero cabelludo se irrite, produciendo sequedad y enrojecimiento de la zona. Y es que la caspa puede producir un picor muy intenso y molestias.

La caspa se clasifica en dos tipos, dependiendo de la naturaleza de los cabellos, si son más secos o grasos:

  • Seca: produce la formación de escamas finas no adheridas al cuero cabelludo que caen fácilmente sobre los hombros.
  • Grasa: se forman laminas amarillentas adheridas al cuero cabelludo, que suele tener un aspecto enrojecido.

El tratamiento para minimizar su aparición es muy variado ya que depende de la causa. “Hay casos en los que el uso de un champú específico es suficiente, pero hay otros en los que se necesita un tratamiento sintomático por vía oral”. Por ello, recomienda consultar con un médico especialista ante la primera sospecha de caspa para, así, determinar el tratamiento más adecuado a cada caso y poder erradicarla en la mayor brevedad posible.

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